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Medications to Treat Anxiety

Although therapy is the best treatment for anxiety, there are times when an infrequent course of medication is required. Antidepressants and tranquilizers are among the medications that can be used to combat anxiety.

SSRI antidepressants like citalopram, sertraline, and escitalopram are able to reduce anxiety. SNRIs that target the chemicals serotonin and norepinephrine may also be effective.

SSRIs

SSRIs are often the first prescription medication recommended by doctors to treat anxiety disorders. They block nerve cells in the brain from absorbing serotonin, a chemical which plays a vital role in regulating mood. It takes time for the medication to be effective but most people start feeling better after 4 to 6 weeks. SSRIs do not form a habit and aren't addictive, which is why they can continue to be taken for a long time.

Another type of antidepressant, SNRIs (serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors), also treats depression and anxiety. Examples of SNRIs are citalopram (Celexa) as well as Escitalopram (Lexapro) and the fluoxetine (Prozac) and paroxetine (Paxil) and sertraline (Zoloft). Tricyclic antidepressants, such as imipramine (Tofranil) and doxepine (Anxiety Disorder Stimulant) also treat anxiety and depression. Mirtazapine is a new antidepressant is sometimes used to treat anxiety disorders.

Doctors don't know the function of SNRIs and SSRIs however they do are aware that they enhance the activity of certain chemical messengers called neurotransmitters in the brain. They prevent the brain from reabsorbing these chemicals and allow them to bind with their receptors.

SSRIs are used to treat generalized anxiety disorder, GAD; obsessive-compulsive disorder, OCD; panic disorder/agoraphobia; and posttraumatic stress disorder, PTSD. They can also be helpful for bulimia, though it is less prevalent.

People suffering from anxiety who do not respond to SSRIs might be prescribed an atypical antipsychotic non drug treatment for anxiety. Examples include quetiapine (Abilify) and aripiprazole (Risperdal). These drugs decrease anxiety in people with obsessive compulsive disorder. They are usually prescribed in conjunction with an antidepressant. they are less likely for serious side effects compared to other antipsychotics.

Beta-blockers, also known as beta-blockers, can be used to treat anxiety and are often prescribed for heart conditions. Examples include propranolol (Inderal) and atenolol (Tenormin). They can reduce physical symptoms of anxiety for people with social anxiety disorder. They can also assist in reducing anxiety prior to or after surgery and for certain chronic pain issues. Benzodiazepines, like lorazepam or Ativan (Ativan) can be utilized when other treatments don't work. Benzodiazepines can be habit-forming and addictive.

SNRIs

SNRIs are a kind of antidepressant medication that is typically prescribed to combat anxiety. They function similarly to SSRIs but they also enhance the supply of serotonin and norepinephrine in the brain. In turn, they are usually more effective at treating certain kinds of anxiety and panic attacks treatment disorders, such as social anxiety disorder and panic disorder. Like other medications, they are most effective when used in conjunction with talk therapy and other treatment strategies.

In contrast to other benzodiazepines, SNRIs aren't able to cause dependence or addiction in most people. However, some patients may be prone to withdrawal after stopping the medication after a lengthy time of usage. Due to this, it is crucial to talk with your doctor prior to stopping any medication.

Serotonin and norepinephrine are neurotransmitters responsible for stress and mood reactions. They play an important part in the fight or flight response that a lot of anxiety sufferers experience. By preventing the reuptake process, SNRIs block nerve cells from rapidly absorbing these neurotransmitters. By doing so they help keep these chemicals in the brain for longer, and as a consequence they are able to improve mood and reduce anxiety and aid in reducing symptoms of panic attacks.

Norepinephrine is also important for anxiety because it activates the amygdala which is a nebulous and primordial part of the brain that is associated with fear-related behavior. SNRIs reduce the activity in this region of the brain. This can boost mood, anxiety and even alleviate panic attacks.

These medications are very helpful however, they may cause suicidal thoughts in some people. Because of this, they are typically prescribed in higher dosages and for a shorter duration. They can also interact with other medications and substances. You should inform your doctor if you are taking any other prescriptions or over the counter medications. Also keep them informed of any existing conditions like heart issues and bleeding issues. Be aware that some patients have adverse reactions to SNRIs such as dry mouth and nausea.

Benzodiazepines

Benzodiazepines -- or benzos or benzos, as they're commonly referred to -- are quick-acting medications that help reduce anxiety and anxiety-related symptoms like insomnia and muscle tension. Certain people suffering from anxiety disorders, such as panic disorder or social anxiety might find them beneficial particularly if they have not been able to respond to other treatments like SSRIs and psychotherapy. They can also be helpful as a short-term solution, like while you wait for an antidepressant begin working. Medications such as diazepam (Valium) and lorazepam (Ativan) are the most commonly used benzos, although others include Clonazepam (Rivotril) and temazepam (Restoril) and flurazepam (Dalmane).

They usually begin to work within 30 minutes because they're rapid-acting. They don't remain in the body for long, therefore they should be taken on a regular basis to get the full benefits. Benzos taken for long durations of time can result in addiction and physical dependence and should be used only for the shortest time possible. Benzos should not be taken by people with anxiety or depression disorders since they could increase the risk.

People who use benzos for a long period of duration, often without medical supervision, can develop a condition known as sedative-use disorder. It can cause addiction and withdrawal symptoms. This condition is uncommon in people who use benzos as prescribed. Benzo addiction usually arises from other factors like alcoholism or depression.

Utilizing benzodiazepines in the long-term can cause tolerance to their effects of sedation. Tolerance means that you require more medication in order to achieve the same results. In some instances it can result in respiratory depression, coma or death. Even if you are taking benzodiazepines for a long duration, it is crucial to adhere to the prescription.

Other Medical Treatments

SSRIs and SNRIs will be the primary medication prescribed by doctors to treat anxiety. They alter serotonin which affects the mood sleep, appetite, and appetite. They can be slow to begin effect, ranging from to 12 weeks, and may cause certain side effects, such as nausea or insomnia. SSRIs can also be used to treat mental disorders such as panic disorder, depression, and obsessive compulsive disorder. Unlike benzodiazepines, antidepressants don't cause physical dependence but they can cause withdrawal symptoms if abruptly stopped.

Sertraline (Zoloft), Prozac (Prozac) Prozac (Zoloft), and Celexa (Citalopram) are the three medications that fall under this class. They can be used alone or in conjunction with therapy. Antidepressants can be prescribed by a psychiatrist, psychologist or family physician with specialized training in medication management.

Doctors may prescribe a class called monoamine-oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) as an antidepressant. These medications block the action of specific enzymes that break down chemicals, such as serotonin, norepinephrine and dopamine. MAOIs can take up to three or four weeks to begin working but aren't as fast-acting as SSRIs.

Another medication that can help manage anxiety is clonidine. It is used to manage high blood pressure. However, it is not widely used to treat anxiety. Its effectiveness is limited because of side effects like hypotension and sedation. Antihistamines such as hydroxyzine can be prescribed by doctors to reduce anxiety and panic attacks. Some patients may also experience a decrease in the effectiveness of benzodiazepines.

Anxiety is typically treated by combining psychotherapy, medication and exercise. A therapist who has a specialization in anxiety disorders is the most effective method to treat anxiety. They can help you identify the underlying causes for your anxiety, and suggest strategies to manage it, without medication if required. Other options for treating performance anxiety treatment that aren't medications include eye movement desensitization and mindfulness meditation, reprocessing and yoga based on trauma. Speak to your therapist to determine the best option for you. Psychiatrists are trained to evaluate your medical history and symptoms and formulate a treatment plan that is suitable for you. When developing the plan, they will take into consideration your lifestyle, diagnosis as well as your medical background and preferences. They may also make adjustments as time passes.