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Coffee Bean Types: Arabica, Robusta, Liberica, and Excelsa

You probably already know that different varieties can produce different flavors. Read on to learn about four of the most well-known varieties: Arabica, Robusta, Liberica and Excelsa.

Excelsa beans are a variety of Liberica that is only grown in Southeast Asia. They have a more fruity, tarter flavor profile and are often used in blends of coffee for added depth.

Arabica

Arabica bulk coffee beans beans comprise 75% of global production. Arabica beans have a milder and sweeter flavor than Robusta. They are available in a variety profiles. The aroma and taste of coffee bean suppliers are affected by the conditions in the conditions it is grown and the processing methods used.

The word "coffee" is derived from the Arabic word for berry and coffee beans are actually fruit seeds that grow in bright red berries. It is believed that the ancient Ethiopian shepherds found that their goats were energized by eating the fruits. The cultivation of coffee beans to buy grew quickly across the globe.

Coffee beans can be grown at higher altitudes and are able to thrive when exposed to cold temperatures and plenty of rain. This is one of the main reasons why Arabica is considered to be the best tasting type of coffee.

Many specialty coffee shops and roasters are focused on using ethically-sourced arabica beans and focusing on fair pay for farmers and sustainable farming practices. These companies typically blend arabica beans to make distinctive coffees that work well with many different brewing methods. Blending can be used to control the flavour, aroma and body as well as the acidity of the coffee. It is typically preferred to create an even and consistent flavor that appeals to a wider market.

Robusta

Robusta beans are the second most sought-after kind of coffee bean around the world. They have more caffeine per bean and are more resistant against diseases and pests. They also contain higher levels of chlorogenic acids, which are antioxidants that occur naturally. However, these acids could cause oxidation in the coffee brewing process and may produce undesirable flavors.

The plant is more robust than the arabica, and can grow in less favorable conditions. It can withstand temperatures that are higher and thrives in direct sun. It produces more coffee per plant and grows faster than arabica. This makes it a economically viable crop to cultivate.

While it may seem counterintuitive, Robusta and arabica beans are often blended together to create coffee blends. If you see names like Uganda or Kenya on the bag of coffee, it's possible that there is also some robusta.

Most roasters employ a mixture of arabica and coffee beans to lower costs and preserve quality. To maintain the integrity of the flavor, it's important to select a premium beans from a source you trust. This can be achieved by purchasing your beans directly from a farmer.

Liberica

Liberica beans have a shape that is like a football, which makes them different from other coffee beans. They have a distinct aroma that is fruity and floral with subtle smoky undertones. They are added to other types of coffee beans to give them a richer and more robust taste.

Liberica coffee beans can be found in West Africa, Malaysia (Borneo) and Southeast Asia. They can be grown at low altitudes, and they can tolerate humid, hot climates. They also have a better resistance to disease than Arabica and Robusta.

These qualities make them ideal for growing at home. On the internet, you can purchase seeds from numerous sources. However, it is best to purchase the beans from local producers in order to ensure high-quality. The ideal conditions for growing Liberica coffee include fertile deep volcano soils, with a pH that is moderately acidic as well as sufficient annual rainfall.

Another kind of coffee bean is Excelsa that was once considered to be a separate species but was re-classified as a variant of Liberica. The coffee beans that are oval in shape grow on large coffee plants that range from 20 to 30 feet in height at medium altitudes. They have a unique taste that is both tart and fruity, which has made them a sought-after choice in house blends. They are also lighter on aroma and caffeine than Arabica and Robusta yet still have an unusual quality of flavor.

Excelsa

Although they're the fourth most coveted type of coffee beans, Excelsa beans aren't as easily accessible as Arabica or Robusta. They were actually considered a different coffee plant species until 2006 when they were reclassified to be a synonym for Coffea Liberica var. dewevrei. Currently, they're cultivated primarily in Southeast Asia and account for 7 percent of the world's production of coffee. These coffee beans are shaped as a teardrop and are dark and mysterious in taste. They are frequently used to give blends extra body and a rich tart taste of ripe fruit.

Arabica beans are by far the most popular and are known for their sweeter taste. They thrive in tropical and warm environments and at high altitudes. They also have a hint of acidity. When properly roasted and brewed they may have notes of nuts, chocolate, or even fruit.

Robusta is the second most adored coffee in the world and makes up around 40% of all coffee consumed around the world. Robusta beans are smaller and more round, but have twice the amount of caffeine as Arabica. They also have more bitterness than the other two varieties and are more likely to have earthy and woody undertones.

After you've learned about the four most commonly used types you can now select your favorite brew. If you prefer a delicate and smooth flavor pick an arabica or a blend made up of arabica beans and robusta beans.